Sustainable architecture applies techniques of sustainable design to architecture. It is related to the concept of green building (or green architecture). Green Architecture can describe as the architecture development and environment 4]that have any typology of architecture which could conserve resources, environment and natural ecosystem. Characteristics and classifications of Traditional housing in humid tropic climate like Indonesia, have matching concept with sustainable architectural concept, among others: 1. Use Natural Material and Local material 2. Keep cool the house with raised-floor construction, Steep Roof and long over hang 3. Lay out plan increasing a sun lighting 4. Small is beautiful and Energy efficient Use Natural Material and Local material Traditionally in Indonesia, wooden buildings have been constructing. The type and use of wood are lies in wide range from hard wood to bamboos. The use of extensive wood in housing sector is the main cause of deforestation in the country which caused frequent floods and erosion of top soil in to river system. The traditional construction was fit for earth quake resistance, because of their resistance to horizontal loading (earthquake waves). Example of a five meter high traditional warehouses and barns made of bamboo and sugarcane leaves in the badly hit Bantul district in Yogyakarta has put here, which still stands in its original position after the earthquake (May,2006) while modern [1]buildings in the same region were ruined. However, bamboo is not only strong and flexible material, it aesthetically appealing. The material was easy to obtain and easily replaced when aged or damaged by weather condition.
Figure (a).Sulawesi Tenggara House; Figure (b). Aceh house; Figure (c). H - Frame
Figure (a). Traditional warehouse in Bantul which is highly resistant to the earthquakes;
Figure (b). 35 year old roof in Surabaya
Traditionally, Iron wood shingles or sirap are one of the most commonly used roofing materials of Indonesia. Ironwood is known locally as Kayu Besi or Ulin. It is one of the world’s most durable timbers. Originating from Kalimantan (Borneo) these shingles have been used for hundreds of years by the locals there for traditional housing. The Dutch colonials introduced them to the rest of the archipelago and they are now found on many large government buildings as well as high class houses. It has a serviceable lifespan of at least thirty years. Alang alang thatching has been used in Indonesia for hundreds of years on the islands of Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Timor and Sumba as a traditional system of roofing. There are slight variations in the application of the material throughout these different places but by far the neatest and strongest form is found in Bali.
adapted from : Suryandar, Putri and Sajjad Mubin; MIX AND MATCH TRADITIONAL AND MODERN TECHNOLOGY, TOWARD SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL HOUSING IN THE TROPICS; Architecture Dept., Faculty of Engineering Budi Luhur University
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